madman
Super Moderator
Introduction
Transdermal drug delivery has contributed significantly to medical practice. The transdermal route represents an attractive alternative to the oral route and also provides an alternative option to hypodermic injections (PRAUSNITZ; LANGER, 2008). Transdermal delivery has a variety of advantages compared to the oral route. It could be a means to avoid or minimize adverse effects resulting from the oral ingestion of drugs. As observed with transdermal estradiol systems, and in contrast to the oral formulation of this hormone, there are no occurrences of liver damage (CRAMER; SAKS, 1994). Transdermal pharmaceutical forms have now often been considered as a means to overcome the limitations of other routes of drug delivery. In the pharmacotherapy context, the main advantages of the transdermal route are the absence of intestinal metabolism and the first-pass effect of the liver; promoting the slow absorption of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, reducing the plasma concentration levels of the active pharmaceutical ingredients with preserved stable and controlled blood levels for an extended period of time; decreased metabolic effects, including gastrointestinal and systemic adverse effects; improvement of patient compliance through the convenience of decreased delivery frequency and non-invasive, painless and easy administration (PRAUSNITZ; LANGER, 2008; KOPPER; GUDEMAN; THOMPSON, 2008; SONI; KUMAR; GUPTA, 2009, GUY, 2010, SHINGADE et al., 2012, SHARMA, SANI, RAMA, 2013).
*Pentravan® cream was named after its extended meaning in English, i.e. Penetration enhanced vanishing cream and its formulation was developed by the Fagron Group. It consists of a transdermal vehicle of great interest and application in the context of compounding pharmacy and has a safe composition and high level of scientific laboratory evidence proving its efficiency in enhancing skin permeation for several active pharmaceutical ingredients. Clinical studies also demonstrate its efficacy and acceptability in transmucosal vulvovaginal drug delivery. Pentravan® has been prescribed globally by professional healthcare providers as a percutaneous base in several individualized formulations prepared by pharmacies and used by numerous patients in several countries.
*Pentravan® Composition - Description and Safety
*Pentravan® Skin Permeation Mechanism and Efficacy
*Clinical Studies Conducted Using Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Delivered on Pentravan®
Conclusion
Although Pentravan® polymer/liposomal matrices contain permeation-enhancing ingredients traditionally used in other semi-solid transdermal preparations, Pentravan® is distinguished by a higher absorption rate when compared to other bases available on the market. Evidence of its higher permeation enhancement as documented by successive laboratory and clinical studies provides greater prescriber, patient, and drug safety. In addition, its composition and practicality as a "ready-to-use base" in pharmaceutical compounding give the pharmacist greater practicality and speed in preparing transdermal delivery systems with several active pharmaceutical ingredients. The reproducibility in the quality of formulations and therapeutic results add to the other Pentravan® attributes, making it a transdermal vehicle of choice for the compounding pharmacy.
Transdermal drug delivery has contributed significantly to medical practice. The transdermal route represents an attractive alternative to the oral route and also provides an alternative option to hypodermic injections (PRAUSNITZ; LANGER, 2008). Transdermal delivery has a variety of advantages compared to the oral route. It could be a means to avoid or minimize adverse effects resulting from the oral ingestion of drugs. As observed with transdermal estradiol systems, and in contrast to the oral formulation of this hormone, there are no occurrences of liver damage (CRAMER; SAKS, 1994). Transdermal pharmaceutical forms have now often been considered as a means to overcome the limitations of other routes of drug delivery. In the pharmacotherapy context, the main advantages of the transdermal route are the absence of intestinal metabolism and the first-pass effect of the liver; promoting the slow absorption of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, reducing the plasma concentration levels of the active pharmaceutical ingredients with preserved stable and controlled blood levels for an extended period of time; decreased metabolic effects, including gastrointestinal and systemic adverse effects; improvement of patient compliance through the convenience of decreased delivery frequency and non-invasive, painless and easy administration (PRAUSNITZ; LANGER, 2008; KOPPER; GUDEMAN; THOMPSON, 2008; SONI; KUMAR; GUPTA, 2009, GUY, 2010, SHINGADE et al., 2012, SHARMA, SANI, RAMA, 2013).
*Pentravan® cream was named after its extended meaning in English, i.e. Penetration enhanced vanishing cream and its formulation was developed by the Fagron Group. It consists of a transdermal vehicle of great interest and application in the context of compounding pharmacy and has a safe composition and high level of scientific laboratory evidence proving its efficiency in enhancing skin permeation for several active pharmaceutical ingredients. Clinical studies also demonstrate its efficacy and acceptability in transmucosal vulvovaginal drug delivery. Pentravan® has been prescribed globally by professional healthcare providers as a percutaneous base in several individualized formulations prepared by pharmacies and used by numerous patients in several countries.
*Pentravan® Composition - Description and Safety
*Pentravan® Skin Permeation Mechanism and Efficacy
*Clinical Studies Conducted Using Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients Delivered on Pentravan®
Conclusion
Although Pentravan® polymer/liposomal matrices contain permeation-enhancing ingredients traditionally used in other semi-solid transdermal preparations, Pentravan® is distinguished by a higher absorption rate when compared to other bases available on the market. Evidence of its higher permeation enhancement as documented by successive laboratory and clinical studies provides greater prescriber, patient, and drug safety. In addition, its composition and practicality as a "ready-to-use base" in pharmaceutical compounding give the pharmacist greater practicality and speed in preparing transdermal delivery systems with several active pharmaceutical ingredients. The reproducibility in the quality of formulations and therapeutic results add to the other Pentravan® attributes, making it a transdermal vehicle of choice for the compounding pharmacy.
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