Guide for assessing and treating testosterone deficiency in adult men

madman

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Testosterone therapy improves various aspects of health, including sexual function, bone density, anemia, muscle mass, physical function, mood, and cognitive function, and reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes. It does not increase the risk of prostate cancer or cardiovascular problems. Evidence suggests potential cardiovascular benefits, especially for men with kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, or a history of heart attack. Long-term studies are needed for further clarification. Recent studies indicate that testosterone therapy, along with metformin, may reduce the occurrence of prostate and colorectal cancer.
 

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Figure 1. Clinical signs and symptoms suggestive of testosterone deficiency2,5–8
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*It is important to ask about the loss of early morning erections even in men not in a sexual relationship, as absent early morning erections are an important predictor of future cardiovascular events.6
 
Figure 2. BSSM Guidelines 2023. Diagnosing and managing testosterone deficiency in adult men.1 Reproduced from Hackett G, Kirby M, Rees R, et al. The British Society for Sexual Medicine Guidelines on Male Adult Testosterone Deficiency, With Statements for Practice. World J Mens Health 2023;41:e33.
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Abbreviations: CVD, cardiovascular disease; DRE, digital rectal examination; ED, erectile dysfunction; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; FT, free testosterone; hCG, human chorionic gonadotropin; LH, luteinizing hormone; PDE5i, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; SHBG, sex-hormone-binding globulin; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TD, testosterone deficiency; TT, total testosterone. *For men with TT levels <5.2nmol/L plus low LH and FSH or increased prolactin levels, refer to endocrinology or arrange a pituitary MRI to exclude a pituitary adenoma.2,17 t The T4DM study11 showed a 21% reduction in progression to T2DM by treating testosterone <14nmol/L in men with pre-diabetes
 

 

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